diff --git a/lib/api/api-router.js b/lib/api/api-router.js
index 7bf7da88..699fc0a9 100644
--- a/lib/api/api-router.js
+++ b/lib/api/api-router.js
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ module.exports = class ApiRouter {
         this.mapRouter = new MapRouter({ collaborators });
         this.templateRouter = new TemplateRouter({ collaborators });
         this.metadataBackend = metadataBackend;
-        this.pubSubMetricsBackend = PubSubMetricsBackend.build();
+        this.pubSubMetricsBackend = new PubSubMetricsBackend(this.serverOptions.pubSubMetrics);
     }
 
     route (app, routes) {
@@ -220,7 +220,10 @@ module.exports = class ApiRouter {
             apiRouter.use(sendResponse());
             apiRouter.use(syntaxError());
             apiRouter.use(errorMiddleware());
-            apiRouter.use(pubSubMetrics(this.pubSubMetricsBackend));
+            apiRouter.use(pubSubMetrics({
+                enabled: this.serverOptions.pubSubMetrics.enabled,
+                metricsBackend: this.pubSubMetricsBackend
+            }));
 
             paths.forEach(path => app.use(path, apiRouter));
         });
diff --git a/lib/api/middlewares/pubsub-metrics.js b/lib/api/middlewares/pubsub-metrics.js
index 4dbdee00..bae6171a 100644
--- a/lib/api/middlewares/pubsub-metrics.js
+++ b/lib/api/middlewares/pubsub-metrics.js
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 const EVENT_VERSION = '1';
 const MAX_LENGTH = 100;
 
-function pubSubMetrics (pubSubMetricsBackend) {
-    if (!pubSubMetricsBackend.isEnabled()) {
+function pubSubMetrics ({ enabled, metricsBackend }) {
+    if (!enabled) {
         return function pubSubMetricsDisabledMiddleware (req, res, next) {
             next();
         };
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ function pubSubMetrics (pubSubMetricsBackend) {
             const { event, attributes } = getEventData(req, res);
 
             if (event) {
-                pubSubMetricsBackend.sendEvent(event, attributes);
+                metricsBackend.send(event, attributes);
             }
         });
 
diff --git a/lib/backends/pubsub-metrics.js b/lib/backends/pubsub-metrics.js
index f6565a9b..9cf0ee2d 100644
--- a/lib/backends/pubsub-metrics.js
+++ b/lib/backends/pubsub-metrics.js
@@ -3,37 +3,18 @@
 const { PubSub } = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');
 
 module.exports = class PubSubMetricsBackend {
-    static build () {
-        if (!global.environment.pubSubMetrics || !global.environment.pubSubMetrics.enabled) {
-            return new PubSubMetricsBackend(undefined, false);
-        }
-
-        const { project_id: projectId, credentials: keyFilename, topic } = global.environment.pubSubMetrics;
-        const pubsub = new PubSub({ projectId, keyFilename });
-
-        return new PubSubMetricsBackend(pubsub, topic, true);
+    constructor (options = {}) {
+        const { project_id: projectId, credentials: keyFilename, topic } = options;
+        this._pubsub = new PubSub({ projectId, keyFilename });
+        this._topicName = topic;
     }
 
-    constructor (pubSub, topic, enabled) {
-        this.pubsub = pubSub;
-        this.topic = topic;
-        this.enabled = enabled;
-    }
-
-    isEnabled () {
-        return this.enabled;
-    }
-
-    sendEvent (event, attributes) {
-        if (!this.enabled) {
-            return;
-        }
-
+    send (event, attributes) {
         const data = Buffer.from(event);
 
-        this.pubsub.topic(this.topic).publish(data, attributes)
+        this._pubsub.topic(this._topicName).publish(data, attributes)
             .then(() => {
-                console.log(`PubSubTracker: event '${event}' published to '${this.topic}'`);
+                console.log(`PubSubTracker: event '${event}' published to '${this._topicName}'`);
             })
             .catch((error) => {
                 console.error(`ERROR: pubsub middleware failed to publish event '${event}': ${error.message}`);
diff --git a/lib/server-options.js b/lib/server-options.js
index c607d98b..8b3ced76 100644
--- a/lib/server-options.js
+++ b/lib/server-options.js
@@ -134,5 +134,6 @@ module.exports = {
     fastly: global.environment.fastly || {},
     cache_enabled: global.environment.cache_enabled,
     log_format: global.environment.log_format,
-    useProfiler: global.environment.useProfiler
+    useProfiler: global.environment.useProfiler,
+    pubSubMetrics: Object.assign({ enabled: false }, global.environment.pubSubMetrics)
 };
diff --git a/lib/server.js b/lib/server.js
index be030631..671045c9 100644
--- a/lib/server.js
+++ b/lib/server.js
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ module.exports = function createServer (serverOptions) {
     app.disable('etag');
     app.set('json replacer', jsonReplacer());
 
+    // FIXME: do not pass 'global.environment' as 'serverOptions' should keep defaults from 'global.environment'
     const apiRouter = new ApiRouter({ serverOptions, environmentOptions: global.environment });
 
     apiRouter.route(app, serverOptions.routes.api);